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并得出活塞與凸輪的三種接觸類型:持續(xù)、交替與共同接觸微型氣泵

  廈f]大學(xué)學(xué)位論文著作權(quán)操縱聲明f燃自己答應(yīng)廈門大學(xué)遵照《中華百姓共和邦粹位條例暫行履行辦 法》等規(guī)則保存和操縱此學(xué)位論文,并向主管部分或其指定機構(gòu)送交 學(xué)位論文(包羅紙質(zhì)版和電子版),承諾學(xué)位論文進入廈門大學(xué)圖書 館及其數(shù)據(jù)庫被查閱、輕觸開關(guān)!借閱。自己答應(yīng)廈門大學(xué)將學(xué)位論文參預(yù)世界 博士、碩士學(xué)位論文共筑單元數(shù)據(jù)庫實行檢索,將學(xué)位論文的題目和 摘要匯編出書,采用影印、縮印或者其它式樣合理復(fù)制學(xué)位論文。 本學(xué)位論文屬于: ()1.經(jīng)廈門大學(xué)保密委員會審查審定的保密學(xué)位論文, 于年月日解密,解密后實用上述授權(quán)。 ()2.不保密,實用上述授權(quán)。 (請正在以上相應(yīng)括號內(nèi)打“’’或填上相應(yīng)實質(zhì)。保密學(xué)位論文應(yīng) 是曾經(jīng)廈門大學(xué)保密委員會核定過的學(xué)位論文,未經(jīng)廈門大學(xué)保密委 員會核定的學(xué)位論文均為公然學(xué)位論文。此聲明欄不填寫的,默以為 公然學(xué)位論文,均實用上述授權(quán)。) 聲明人(署名): 摘要跟著我邦邦防職業(yè)的迅猛成長,對氣氛壓縮機的技能央求越來越苛刻,微型氣泵工作原理研制 高氣壓、微體積、凈氣體等的壓縮機勢正在必行。本文以新型高壓微型微型氣泵為 咨詢對象,使用MATLAB、Microsoft Excel軟件和通用CAD/CAE/CAM軟件 SolidWorks、ADAMS和HyperWorks對其實行了仿真理解和咨詢。重要包羅: (1)咨詢壓縮機的分類、作事道理與特色;比較理解新舊兩種壓縮機的異同, 得出新型高壓微型微型氣泵的凸輪機構(gòu)較古代曲柄連桿機構(gòu)構(gòu)造更緊湊、體積更 小型化、效勞更上等特色;悉數(shù)理解新型高壓微型微型氣泵的構(gòu)造、作事道理及 各組件功效;扶植熱力學(xué)模子并對其實行理解預(yù)備。微型氣泵工作原理 (2)計劃并預(yù)備新型高壓微型微型氣泵最要害的凸輪運動機構(gòu),確定采用余 弦加快率運動順序的圓柱雙作事面凸輪;扶植并理解其數(shù)學(xué)模子、輪廓曲面,得 出采用變厚度凸輪構(gòu)造可避免體例發(fā)作噪聲或卡死征象;使用MATLAB和 Microsoft Excel軟件,USB連接器,扶植并理解凸輪機構(gòu)空間點位子模子并對其實行運動順序 仿線)理解了壓縮機及單向閥的作事道理;扶植并理解了簧片閥的數(shù)學(xué)模子, 包羅進排氣歷程的流量微分方程、運動微分方程、進排氣作事歷程微分方程。運 用Microsoft Excel軟件對簧片閥實行構(gòu)造計劃、預(yù)備及校核,通過對簧片閥升程、 氣流均勻馬赫數(shù)、厚度、固有頻率等參數(shù)的校核預(yù)備,驗證外面預(yù)備的精確性。 (4)咨詢新型高壓微型微型氣泵受力情狀;扶植力學(xué)模子并使用Microsoft Excel軟件對其實行仿真理解。電磁閥維修驗證力學(xué)模子的精確性,并得出活塞與凸輪的三 種接觸類型:一連、瓜代與配合接觸。 (5)使用SolidWorks、ADAMS軟件實行壓縮機虛擬樣機模子的扶植和運動 體例的運動學(xué)仿真理解,驗證虛擬樣機模子及數(shù)學(xué)模子精確性。使用HyperWorks 有限元理解軟件對重要組件實行模態(tài)理解,驗證計劃的可行性。提出通過普及活 塞小滾輪和凸輪軸裝置剛度,可改革組件振動個性的觀念。 要害詞:氣氛壓縮機凸輪氣閥動力學(xué)模態(tài)理解 Abstract As rapiddeveloping NationalDefence System,the Air Compressor Technology alsoled highrequirements.It studyanew-type air compressor which designedwitll high pressure,micro volume cleangas.The new-type air compressor thesis,theMATLAB, Microsoft Excel, CAD/CAE/CAM, SolidWorks, ADAMS HyperWorkssoftwares simulationanalysis.The main contents following:(1)The classification,operating principle aircompressor studied.Acontrastive analysis new-typeair compressors draws aconclusion new-typeone has amore compact structure,a smaller size higherefficiency than oldone.The construction,operating pinciple,main organizations new-typecompressor fullyanalysed.The thermodynamic model calculated.(2)The shape features movementrule cammechanism calculated.Themathematical model,outline curve calllmechanism analysed.Avariable-thickness cam、7l,微型氣泵工作原理i廿I cosine acceleration moment law determined,whichhelps avoidbad noise lockeddead.The position model movingtrochoid spatialpoints cammechanism MicrosoftExceI softwares。 (3)The working principle checkvalve depthlyanalysed.The mathematical models leafvalve,including flowate,moving workingprocess differential equations models analysed.MicrosoftExcel software dostructural design,calculation leafvalve.The validity theoreticalanalysis verifiedafter checking calculation about valve lift,Mach number,thickness inherentfrequency. (4)The mechanical model new—typecompressor analysedII usingMicrosoft Excel software.Conclusions about three contact types reached,includingcontinued,altemated jointedcontact. (5)SolidWorks ADAMSsoftware virtualprototype models kinematicalsimulations.In order scheme,modalanalysis HperWorkssoftware.Points vibrationcharacteristic putforward, which assemblestiffness smalltrundle camshaft.Key Words:Air Compressor;Cam;Air Valve;Dynamic;Modal Analysis III 目次 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….I 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….II 第一章緒論………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1{慨況……………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.1.1壓縮機的分類………………………………………………………………l 1.1.2活塞式壓縮機概略…………………………………………………………2 1.1.3課題原因與咨詢道理………………………………………………………4 1.2邦外里咨詢近況與成長趨向……………………………………………………….4 1.2.1海外咨詢近況與成長趨向…………………………………………………5 1.2.2邦內(nèi)咨詢近況與成長趨向…………………………………………………6 1.3咨詢用具簡介……………………………………………………………………8 1.3.1 MATLAB數(shù)值預(yù)備軟件……………………………………………………8 1.3.2 Microsoft Excel軟件…………………………………………………………9 1.3.3 SolidWorks板滯計劃自愿化軟件………………………………………..10 1.3.4 ADAMS動力仿真理解軟件………………………………………………12 1.3.5 HyperWorks有限元理解軟件…………………………………………….12 1.4課題實質(zhì)及咨詢舉措………………………………………………………….1 3第二章新型高壓微型微型氣泵的根本構(gòu)造與作事道理……………1 52.1新型高壓微型微型氣泵的技能參數(shù)………………………………………。1 52.2新型高壓微型微型氣泵的構(gòu)造……………………………………………..1 52.2.1新型高壓微型微型氣泵的構(gòu)成………………………………………….16 2.2.2新型高壓微型微型氣泵各組件構(gòu)造與功效…………………………….16 2.3新型高壓微型微型氣泵的作事道理………………………………………。1 92.4熱力學(xué)筑模與預(yù)備理解……………………………………………………。1 92.4.1級數(shù)遴選與各級壓力比確定…………………………………………….19 2.4.2壓縮機的轉(zhuǎn)速和行程遴選及校核預(yù)備………………………………….20 IV 2.4.3排氣系數(shù)………………………………………………………………….22 2.4.4進排氣溫度……………………………………………………………….25 2.4.5氣缸行程容積…………………………………………………………….26 2.4.6氣缸直徑………………………………………………………………….27 2.4.7氣缸行程容積校正……………………………………………………….27 2.4.8效勞與功率……………………………………………………………….28 2.5本章小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………。29 第三章新型高壓微型微型氣泵的凸輪機構(gòu)計劃與預(yù)備………………。30 3.1凸輪機構(gòu)數(shù)學(xué)模子咨詢……………………………………………………………..30 3.1.1凸輪機構(gòu)運動順序方程扶植…………………………………………….30 3.1.2凸輪機構(gòu)坐標系界說…………………………………………………….33 3.1.3凸輪機構(gòu)曲面方程扶植………………………………………………….34 3.1.4凸輪機構(gòu)差錯方程扶植………………………………………………….35 3.2凸輪機構(gòu)計劃………………………………………………………………………………。36 3.2.1凸輪機構(gòu)根本參數(shù)設(shè)定…………………………………………………。微型氣泵工作原理36 3.2.2凸輪機構(gòu)參數(shù)預(yù)備……………………………………………………….37 3.3凸輪機構(gòu)運動順序仿真與理解……………………………………………………….40 3.4本章小結(jié)…………………………………………………………………………………….41 第四章新型高壓微型微型氣泵的氣閥組件計劃與預(yù)備………………。42 4.1簧片閥的作事道理…………………………………………………………………….42 4.2壓縮機簧片閥模仿運動理解與數(shù)學(xué)模子咨詢………………………………。43 4.2.1根本假設(shè)………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.2壓縮機運動的數(shù)學(xué)模子………………………………………………….43 4.2.3簧片閥進排氣歷程的流量微分方程…………………………………….44 4.2.4簧片閥運動微分方程…………………………………………………….47 4.2.5簧片閥進排氣作事歷程微分方程……………………………………….48 4.3壓縮機各級簧片閥構(gòu)造計劃預(yù)備……………………………………………….49 4.3.1簧片閥計劃規(guī)矩………………………………………………………….49 4.3.2升程預(yù)備………………………………………………………………….50 4.3.3氣流均勻馬赫數(shù)預(yù)備…………………………………………………….5 l4.3.4簧片閥厚度預(yù)備………………………………………………………….53 4.3.5質(zhì)料遴選與頻率預(yù)備…………………………………………………….544.4壓縮機簧片閥構(gòu)造校核預(yù)備與矯正…………………………………………55 4.4.1簧片閥升程的校核……………………………………………………….55 4.4.2氣流均勻馬赫數(shù)與頻率校核及矯正…………………………………….57 4.5本章小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………58 第五章新型高壓微型微型氣泵的動力學(xué)個性外面咨詢與理解…….59 5.1活塞機構(gòu)力學(xué)模子咨詢………………………………………………………59 5.2活塞機構(gòu)受力理解與仿真……………………………………………………60 5.2.1氣體力…………………………………………………………………….60 5.2.2慣性力…………………………………………………………………….61 5.2.3凸輪對滾用力……………………………………………………….6l 5.2.4軸向力………………………………………………………………………………………..6l 5.2.5側(cè)向力…………………………………………………………………….62 5.2.6活塞與氣缸套之間摩擦力……………………………………………….62 5.2.7轉(zhuǎn)矩………………………………………………………………………..62 5.3動力學(xué)預(yù)備……………………………………………………………………62 5.3.1基于Microsoft Excel的新型高壓微型微型氣泵動力學(xué)理解………….63 5.3.2動力學(xué)預(yù)備措施計劃…………………………………………………….63 5.4動力學(xué)預(yù)備結(jié)果與動態(tài)個性理解…………………………………………。67 5.4.1各級氣缸氣體壓力仿真及理解………………………………………….67 5.4.2各級氣缸氣體受力仿真及理解………………………………………….69 5.4.3軸向力仿真及理解……………………………………………………….71 5.5本章小結(jié)……………………………………………………………………。73 第六章新型高壓微型微型氣泵虛擬樣機的運動學(xué)仿線基于SolidWorks的新型高壓微型氣泵虛擬樣機筑?!罚?6.1.1虛擬樣機組件模子扶植………………………………………………….74 6.1.2簡化模子扶植…………………………………………………………….78 6.2 ADAMS眾剛體體例動力學(xué)根底……………………………………………79 6.2.1 ADAMS眾剛體體例觀點…………………………………………………79 6.2.2 ADAMS眾剛體體例動力學(xué)筑模外面……………………………………80 6.3基于ADAMS的運動學(xué)仿真理解的體例筑?!福?VI 6.3.1體例筑模境遇…………………………………………………………….8l 6.3.2輔助模子扶植…………………………………………………………….81 6.3.3增加抑制………………………………………………………………….82 6.3.4施加載荷………………………………………………………………….83 6.4基于ADAMS的運動學(xué)仿真結(jié)果與理解……………………………………..83 6.5本章小結(jié)…………………………………………………………………………85 第七章新型高壓微型氣泵虛擬樣機的模態(tài)理解………………………….86 7.1模態(tài)理解的有限元根本道理…………………………………………………86 7.2模態(tài)理解模子的扶植……………………………………………………………………87 7.2.1模態(tài)理解的須要性……………………………………………………….87 7.2.2組件簡化模子的扶植…………………………………………………….87 7.3基于HyperWorks的有限元理解…………………………………………….88 7.3.1活塞組件………………………………………………………………….88 7.3.2凸輪軸組件………………………………………………………………101 7.4本章小結(jié)…………………………………………………………………………1 07 第八章總結(jié)與預(yù)測………………………………………………………………….1 08 8.1總結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 08 8.2預(yù)測………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 09 附錄…………………………………………………………………………………………。11 0參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………11 2碩士光陰頒發(fā)的學(xué)術(shù)論文及得到的成績……………………………….121 伸謝…………………………………………………………………………………………。1 22 VII Table ContentsAbstract Chinese....................…....…….....…................……....…….....…...IAbstract IIChapter 1Introduction 1.1Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1.1 Classification Compressor……………………………………………………………….11.1.2 Overview ofPiston Compressor……………………………………………………………2 1.1.3 Sota'ce Project…………………………………………………..41.2 Research Status DevelopmentTrend Abroad………………..41.2.1 Research Status DevelopmentTrend Abroad….….….…….….….….…....51.2.2 Research Status DevelopmentTrend China………………………………….61.3 Introduction ResearchTools………………………………………………………………..8 1.3.1 MATLAB…………………………………………………………………………………………..8 1.3.2 Microsoft Excel………………….……………………………………………..………..……..9 1.3.3 SolidW6rks………………………………………………………………………………………10 1.3.4 ADAMS…………………………………………………………………………………………..12 1.3.5 HyperWorks…..…....….…….……….....……….……….…………….……...…….…..….12 1.4 Contents Methods…………………………………………………………………………..13Chapter 2Structure OperatingPrinciple New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor... 52.1Technical Parameters New—typeHigh Pressure Compressor………….1 52.2 Structure New—typeHigh Pressure Compressor……………………………1 52.2.1 Components ofthe New-ty’pe High Pressure Compressor………………...…...16 2.2.2 Structure Functionofthe Compressor Components..............................16 2.3 Operating Principle New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor…………… 92.4Calculation ThermodynamicModel…………………………1 92.4.1 Stages Selection PressureRatio Distribution........................................1 9VIll 2.4.2 Rotate Speed Selection RouteChecking Calculation……………………….20 2.4-3 The Exhaust Ratio…………………………………………………………………………….22 2.4.4 Temperature ofIntake ExhaustAir………………………………………………..25 2.4.5 Stroke Volume ofCylinder…………………………………………………………………26 2.4.6 Diameter Cylinder.......................................................…..........................272.4.7 Amendment ofthe Cylinder Stroke Volume.................................................27 2.4.8 Efficiency Power.…….….……..…….….……….…..……………..…..…………...282.5 Summary……..……………………………………………………………………………………… 29 Chapter 3Design TheCam Mechanism ...303.1 Mathematical Model CamMechanism……..………………………………………..30 3.1.1 Motion Equation ofCam Mechanism………………………………………………….30 3.1.2 Coordinate System CamMechanism……………………………………………….33 3.1.3 Surface Equation ofCarn Mechanism………………………………………………….34 3.1.4 Error Equation ofCam Mechanism……………………………………………………..35 3.2 Design CamMechanism…………………………………………………………………….36 3.2.1 Basic Parameters………………………………………………………………………………36 3.2.2 Parameter Calculation CamMechanism…………………………………………..37 3.3 Motion Simulation CamMechanism…………………………… .40 3.4 Summary……………………………………………………..……………………………………….41 Chapter 4Design ValvesAssembly 424.1 Operating Principle ReedValve……………………………………………………42 4.2 Motion Simulation Analysis MathematicalModel Research ReedValve………………………………………………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.1 Basic Assumptions…………………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.2 Movement model ofthe Compressor…………………………………………………..43 4.2.3 The Exhaust Process Flow Differential Equmion ReedValve……………..44 4.2.4碭e Motion Differential Equmion ofReed Valve…………………………………..47 4.2.5 The Differential Equation ReedValve about ExhaustProcess.….………………….….….…。..………..………….…….…..…...….….…….…….…….…48 4.3 Structure Design ReedValves…………………………………..49 4.3.1 Design Principles………………………………………………………………………………49 IX 4.3.2 Calculation ofthe Lift……………………………………………………………………….50 4.3.3 Calculation ofthe Average Mach Number……………………………………………51 4.3.4 Calculation ofthe Thickness………………………………………………………………53 4.3.5 Material Selection FrequencyCalculation………………………………………54 4.4 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation ReedValve……… 554.4.1 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation ofthe Lift……………..55 4.4.2 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation AverageMach Number Frequency……….……………………………………………………………….574.5 Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………58 Chapter 5The Theoretical Study DynamicCharacteristics。..。..…...……。………?!?。..。..。。...。。......…….。。。。...。。.。.59 5.1 Force Model PistonMechanism…………….?!担?5.2 Force Analysis PistonMechanism………………………..60 5.2.1 111e Gas Force…………………………………………………………………………………..60 5.2.2 The Inertial Force……………………………………………………………………………..61 5.2.3 Reaction From Cam Roller……………………………………………………………..615.2.4 The Axial Force………………………………………………………………………………..61 5.2.5 The Lateral Force……………………………………………………………………………..62 5。2.6 Friction Between Piston CylinderLiner…………………………………………62 1;.2.7 lbrque..…..….…………..….……….…………….………….…….….….….…..…...…..….62 5.3 Dynamic Calculation…………………………………………………………………………….62 5.3.1 Dynamic Calculation New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor Based MicrosoflExcel…………………………..……….…………………………………………………..63 5.3.2 The Program Design ofthe Dynamic Calculation.………….……….……………63 5.4 The Dynamic Calculation Results DynamicPerformance Analysis… 671;.4.1 The Simulation AnalysisofGas Pressure……………………………………….67 1;.4.2 The Simulation AnalysisofGas Force……..….………….….….…..………...69 1;.4.3 The Simulation AnalysisofAxial Force…………………………………………71 5.5 Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………73 Chapter 6The Kinematics Simulation Analysis Compressor”746.1 Establishment VirtualPrototype Based 6.1.1Establishment ofthe Virtual Prototype Components……………………………..74 6.1.2 Establishment ofthe Simplified Models………………………………………………78 6.2 Dynamics Multi-Rigid—BodySystem Based ADAMS………………………796.2.1 The Concept ofMulti—Rigid—Body System…………………………………………..79 6.2.2 The Dynamics Modeling Theory Multi—Rigid-BodySystem………………80 6.3 Establishment KinematicsSimulation System Based 16.3.1Modeling Environment………………………………………………………………………81 6.3.2 Establishment Submodels…………….…………….………………….………………816.3.3 Constraints Adding……………………….………….……………………………………….82 6.3.4 Payload Adding………………………………………………………………………………..83 6.4 The Kinematics Simulation Results AnalysisBased ADAMS………83 6.5 Summary……………………………………………………………….…………………………… 85Chapter 7Modal Analysis TheVirtual Prototype Model 867.1 The Basic FEM Theory ModalAnalysis…………………………………………… 867.2 Establishment ofAnalysis Models………………………………………………………….87 7.2.1 Necessity ofModal Analysis………………………………………………………………87 7.2.2 Establishment SimplifiedModeling….……………………………………………..87 7.3 The Finite Element Analysis Based HyperWorks………………………………88 7.3.1 Piston Assembly……………………………………………………………………………….88 7.3.2 Camshaft Assembly…………………………………………………………………………101 7.4 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………….1 07 Chapter 8Conclusions 088.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………1 08 8.2 Prospect………………………………………………………………………………………………1 09 Appendices....…..........…...…...……………… References….….….......…...…………...….….….……..….…..….……......………..112Papers 22XI 第一章緒論 1.1概略 第一章緒論 氣氛壓縮機(空壓機)是一種將氣氛實行壓縮從而普及氣體壓力或輸送氣體 的呆板,是將原動機(廣泛是電動機)的板滯能轉(zhuǎn)換成氣體壓力能的裝備,是壓縮 氣氛的氣壓發(fā)作裝備…。 1.1.1壓縮機的分類 壓縮機行動通用筑設(shè)的一種,用處極廣、品種繁眾,被遍及使用于軍事、交 通、石化、電力、冶金、食物、醫(yī)藥等范疇。如圖1.1所示,可遵照壓縮機作事 道理、壓送介質(zhì)、排氣壓力巨細與級數(shù)眾少,永訣對其實行分類。 一活塞式l道理分1 圖1.1壓縮機分類道理圖Fig.1.1 Classification Principle Diagram Compressor如圖1.1所示,按作事道理可將壓縮機分為容積式和速率式【21。容積式壓縮機 通度日塞的來去挽救運動負氣體容積縮小、氣體壓力隨之升高;速率式壓縮機通

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